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صحيح البخاري (البخاري، ت ٢٥٦هـ: ٣/٩٦، ح ٢٢٩٧)

Narrated Aisha:(wife of the Prophet) Since I reached the age when I could remember things, I have seen my parents worshipping according to the right faith of Islam. Not a single day passed but Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) visited us both in the morning and in the evening. When the Muslims were persecuted, Abu Bakr set out for Ethiopia as an emigrant. When he reached a place called Bark-al-Ghimad, he met Ibn Ad-Daghna, the chief of the Qara tribe, who asked Abu Bakr, "Where are you going?" Abu Bakr said, "My people have turned me out of the country and I would like to tour the world and worship my Lord." Ibn Ad- Daghna said, "A man like you will not go out, nor will he be turned out as you help the poor earn their living, keep good relation with your Kith and kin, help the disabled (or the dependents), provide guests with food and shelter, and help people during their troubles. I am your protector. So, go back and worship your Lord at your home." Ibn Ad-Daghna went along with Abu Bakr and took him to the chiefs of Quraish saying to them, "A man like Abu Bakr will not go out, nor will he be turned out. Do you turn out a man who helps the poor earn their living, keeps good relations with Kith and kin, helps the disabled, provides guests with food and shelter, and helps the people during their troubles?" So, Quraish allowed Ibn Ad-Daghna's guarantee of protection and told Abu Bakr that he was secure, and said to Ibn Ad-Daghna, "Advise Abu Bakr to worship his Lord in his house and to pray and read what he likes and not to hurt us and not to do these things publicly, for we fear that our sons and women may follow him." Ibn Ad-Daghna told Abu Bakr of all that, so Abu Bakr continued worshipping his Lord in his house and did not pray or recite Qur'an aloud except in his house. Later on Abu Bakr had an idea of building a mosque in the court yard of his house. He fulfilled that idea and started praying and reciting Qur'an there publicly. The women and the offspring of the pagans started gathering around him and looking at him astonishingly. Abu Bakr was a softhearted person and could not help weeping while reciting Qur'an. This horrified the pagan chiefs of Quraish. They sent for Ibn Ad-Daghna and when he came, they said, "We have given Abu Bakr protection on condition that he will worship his Lord in his house, but he has transgressed that condition and has built a mosque in the court yard of his house and offered his prayer and recited Qur'an in public. We are afraid lest he mislead our women and offspring. So, go to him and tell him that if he wishes he can worship his Lord in his house only, and if not, then tell him to return your pledge of protection as we do not like to betray you by revoking your pledge, nor can we tolerate Abu Bakr's public declaration of Islam (his worshipping). `Aisha added: Ibn Ad-Daghna came to Abu Bakr and said, "You know the conditions on which I gave you protection, so you should either abide by those conditions or revoke my protection, as I do not like to hear the 'Arabs saying that Ibn Ad-Daghna gave the pledge of protection to a person and his people did not respect it." Abu Bakr said, "I revoke your pledge of protection and am satisfied with Allah's protection." At that time Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was still in Mecca and he said to his companions, "Your place of emigration has been shown to me. I have seen salty land, planted with date-palms and situated between two mountains which are the two ,Harras." So, when the Prophet (ﷺ) told it, some of the companions migrated to Medina, and some of those who had migrated to Ethiopia returned to Medina. When Abu Bakr prepared for emigration, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to him, "Wait, for I expect to be permitted to emigrate." Abu Bakr asked, "May my father be sacrificed for your sake, do you really expect that?" Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied in the affirmative. So, Abu Bakr postponed his departure in order to accompany Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and fed two camels which he had, with the leaves of Samor trees for four months

Grade: صحيح

The Arabic text, its chain, the narrators and the scholars' verdicts follow below.

صحيح البخاري (البخاري، ت ٢٥٦هـ: ٣/٩٦، ح ٢٢٩٧)

حدثنا علي بن عبد الله، حدثنا سفيان، حدثنا عمرو، سمع محمد بن علي، عن جابر بن عبد الله رضي الله عنهم، قال: قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم:

«لو قد جاء مال البحرين قد أعطيتك هكذا وهكذا وهكذا»، فلم يجئ مال البحرين حتى قبض النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، فلما جاء مال البحرين أمر أبو بكر فنادى: من كان له عند النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم عدة أو دين، فليأتنا، فأتيته فقلت: إن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال لي: كذا وكذا، فحثى لي حثية، فعددتها، فإذا هي خمس مائة، وقال: خذ مثليها

درجة الحديث

صحيحأخرجه البخاري في «صحيحه». وهو في «سبيل الرشاد».

منزلته عند البخاري

لم نجده فيما انتقده الدارقطني وغيره على البخاري («هدي الساري»، الفصل الثامن).

قال ابن حجر: من أخرج له البخاري في الأصول فإخراجه له تعديل، «فأما إن خرج له في المتابعات والشواهد والتعاليق فهذا يتفاوت درجات من أخرج له منهم في الضبط».

الحديث الصحيح: ما اتصل سنده بنقل الراوي العدل الضابط عن مثله إلى منتهاه، من غير شذوذ ولا علّة.

رواة السند

من كتب الرجال والجرح والتعديل. قد يشترك في الاسم أكثر من راوٍ، فيُعتمد من وافق السند في نسبته وكنيته وشيوخه.

علي بن عبد اللهحاله في كتب الرجال ↗

(1) [تقريب التهذيب] 4759 علي بن عبد الله بن إبراهيم البغدادي مقبول من الحادية عشرة خ (2) [تقريب التهذيب] 4760 علي بن عبد الله بن جعفر بن نجيح السعدي مولاهم أبو الحسن بن المديني بصري ثقة ثبت إمام أعلم أهل عصره بالحديث وعلله حتى قال البخاري ما استصغرت نفسي إلا عند علي بن المديني وقال فيه شيخه بن عيينة كنت أتعلم منه أكثر مما يتعلم مني وقال النسائي كأن الله خلقه للحديث عابوا عليه إجابته في المحنة لكنه تنصل وتاب واعتذر بأنه كان خاف على نفسه من العاشرة مات سنة أربع وثلاثين على الصحيح خ ت س فق (3) [تقريب التهذيب] 4761 علي بن عبد الله بن عباس الهاشمي أبو محمد ثقة عابد من الثالثة مات سنة ثماني عشرة على الصحيح بخ م 4 (4) [تقريب التهذيب] 4762 علي بن عبد الله البارقي الأزدي أبو عبد الله بن أبي الوليد صدوق ربما أخطأ من الثالثة م 4

تقريب التهذيب (ابن حجر، ت ٨٥٢هـ: ١/٤٠٣) ↗
محمد بن عليحاله في كتب الرجال ↗

(1) [تقريب التهذيب] $$ محمد بن علي بن بكار صوابه علي بن بكار ليس فيه محمد (2) [تقريب التهذيب] 6149 محمد بن علي بن حرب المروزي أبو علي المعروف بالترك بضم المثناة وسكون الراء وقد ينسب إلى جده ثقة من الحادية عشرة س (3) [تقريب التهذيب] 6150 محمد بن علي بن الحسن بن شقيق بن دينار المروزي ثقة صاحب حديث من الحادية عشرة مات سنة خمسين ت س (4) [تقريب التهذيب] 6151 محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب أبو جعفر الباقر ثقة فاضل من الرابعة مات سنة بضع عشرة ع

تقريب التهذيب (ابن حجر، ت ٨٥٢هـ: ١/٤٩٧) ↗
اقرأه في موضعه من «صحيح البخاري» ↗